E-Signature Legality in Poland (2026): eIDAS/Trust Services Compliance Guide

Key Takeaways: eIDAS Regulation & Trust Services Act: Legal Framework · Types of E-Signatures Recognized in Poland · Key Requirements for Valid E-Signatures · Exceptions and Limitations

Poland's electronic signature framework operates under the EU eIDAS Regulation (directly applicable as EU law) and the national Act on Trust Services and Electronic Identification (2016). As an EU member state, Poland fully embraces the three-tier eIDAS signature system.

In 2026, Poland's qualified trust service providers offer robust e-signature services, and the country's growing tech sector drives high adoption rates.

eIDAS Regulation & Trust Services Act: Legal Framework

Poland's framework combines EU and national law:

1. eIDAS Regulation (910/2014): Directly applicable — three-tier signature system (SES, AES, QES)
2. Act on Trust Services (2016): National implementing legislation
3. National Certification Centre (NCCert): Operated by NBP (National Bank of Poland)
4. Qualified Trust Service Providers: Multiple accredited providers including Certum, CenCert, and EuroCert

Poland has been particularly active in developing PKI infrastructure and was among the first EU states to implement eIDAS fully.

Types of E-Signatures Recognized in Poland

Simple Electronic Signatures (SES)

• Any electronic data for signing purposes
• Valid for most private agreements

Advanced Electronic Signatures (AES)

• Uniquely linked, identifying, sole control, change-detectable
• Suitable for most B2B contracts

Qualified Electronic Signatures (QES)

• Uses qualified certificate from accredited Polish TSP
• Secure signature creation device (SSCD/QSCD)
• Legally equivalent to handwritten signature across all EU states
• Required for some government, tax, and court filings

Key Requirements for Valid E-Signatures

For valid e-signatures in Poland:

1. eIDAS compliance — Must meet appropriate tier requirements
2. Trust service provider accreditation by NCCert for QES
3. Technical standards — ETSI standards for signature formats
4. RODO/GDPR — Polish implementation of GDPR for personal data
5. Cross-border recognition — QES valid across all 27 EU member states

Exceptions and Limitations

Under Polish law, some documents require specific forms:

• Notarial deeds (akty notarialne) — Must be executed before a notary
• Wills — Specific formalities under Civil Code
• Real estate agreements — Require notarial form
• Company formation documents — Some require notarial deed

Note: QES can often substitute for "written form" requirements but not "notarial form."

How ZiaSign Ensures Compliance in Poland

ZiaSign provides full compliance with Poland's e-signature requirements through:

• Identity verification aligned with eIDAS/Trust Services standards
• Comprehensive audit trails with timestamps, IP addresses, and device fingerprints
• Tamper-evident seals satisfying Poland's record integrity requirements
• Secure cloud storage with configurable data residency
• Certificate of completion for every signed document

Start signing documents in Poland for free →

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